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The mineralization conditions of ilmenite are complex. In addition to iron, which is a valuable resource, the associated minerals such as vanadium, titanium, chromium, cobalt, nickel, platinum group and scandium all have the value of comprehensive recycling. In terms of mineral separation, separation can be completed through gravity separation, magnetic separation, flotation, and combined mineral separation.
Gravity separation is generally suitable for the separation of ilmenite ore with relatively coarse particle size. After the raw ore is crushed and ground (to reach the appropriate particle size), it is gravity-selected and discarded (the gangue minerals are discharged) through equipment such as shakers and spiral chutes. , to obtain ilmenite concentrate.
The iron minerals in ilmenite have weak magnetism, so they can be separated by strong magnetic separation, which is generally suitable for the separation of ilmenite containing heavy sludge. After primary grinding of the raw ore, weak magnetic separation is first used to select iron minerals, and then strong magnetic separation is used to select titanium minerals, thereby achieving efficient mineral separation.
Flotation is suitable for the separation of fine-grained ilmenite, and there are generally three types: conventional flotation, flocculation flotation and agglomeration flotation.
Conventional flotation: Oleic acid, oxidized paraffin soap, Tarr oil, etc. are often used as collectors to float ilmenite. Depending on the mineral composition, a combination collector can be selected
Flocculation and flotation: There are selective flocculation and flotation and hydrophobic flocculation and flotation. The former is to first condense one mineral in a slurry containing two or more minerals and then gradually float and separate it; the latter is to use hydrophobic mineral particles. The mutual hydrophobic interaction causes them to condense into clusters and then separate.
Agglomeration flotation: Use a collector to make the ilmenite hydrophobic, and then use the capillary attraction of the bridge liquid to agglomerate the ore particles to achieve ilmenite flotation.
In addition to titanium and iron minerals, there are other useful mineral elements in ilmenite. In order to obtain more concentrated minerals, it can be sorted through a combined method, including magnetic separation-flotation method, gravity separation-flotation method, and gravity separation. Selection-magnetic separation-flotation-electrical separation, etc.
Magnetic separation-flotation: First magnetically separate the ilmenite to remove some useless gangue minerals, and then flotate the magnetically separated concentrate to improve the grade of the ilmenite concentrate.
Gravity separation-flotation: First, coarse-grained ilmenite is separated by gravity separation, and then the gravity separation tailings are separated by flotation to obtain fine-grained ilmenite concentrate.
Gravity separation-magnetic separation-flotation-electric separation: When the mineral contains titanium pyroxene, plagioclase, sulfide ore and other minerals, gravity separation is generally used to remove the plagioclase, and then flotation is used for desulfurization, followed by electric separation. It is to remove titanium pyroxene and finally obtain ilmenite concentrate.
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