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Manganese ore, as a mineral with great utilization value, is widely used in iron smelting, alloy manufacturing, chemical industry, light industry, building materials and other industries. Especially in the steel industry, the utilization rate of manganese ore is extremely high, reaching 90~95%. Since most of them are poor ores, effective beneficiation has become the key to improving the value of manganese ore.
There are 150 known manganese minerals, and manganese oxide ore and manganese carbonate ore are highly valued due to their economic value. Manganese ore processing requires the selection of appropriate beneficiation equipment based on the composition, properties and characteristics of the ore to achieve the best effect. Manganese oxide ore usually adopts gravity separation, while manganese carbonate ore is mainly magnetic separation. At the same time, crushing, screening, grinding, washing and other processes are also an indispensable part of the processing production line.
Manganese oxide ore is mainly composed of secondary manganese oxide ore and some primary and secondary manganese oxide ores, including manganese minerals such as pyrolusite and pyrolusite, as well as silicate and carbonate minerals. It is often accompanied by elements such as iron, phosphorus, nickel, and cobalt. Manganese oxide ore has low hardness and is easy to crush and grind, but excessive crushing should be avoided. Its beneficiation mainly relies on gravity separation, using density differences to separate manganese ore from gangue and reduce chemical treatment. Shaking tables, spiral chutes or jigs are commonly used gravity separation equipment to improve recovery while minimizing environmental impact.
Weathered manganese oxide ore contains a large amount of ore mud or other impurities, and is usually washed and re-separated. The fine mud on the surface is removed by washing, and then the gravity separation equipment is used for sorting to improve recovery and reduce environmental impact. Due to mining depletion, sedimentary natural manganese oxide ore is often separated by heavy media and jig gravity separation to remove gangue and obtain block concentrate. Iron-containing manganese oxide ore requires reduction roasting magnetic separation, because the separation of iron and manganese is difficult, and the process of washing-reduction roasting magnetic separation-gravity separation is usually adopted.
The manganese minerals in sedimentary manganese carbonate ore are mainly rhodochrosite and calcium rhodochrosite, accompanied by impurities such as sulfur and iron. Because manganese minerals are embedded in microns and are not easy to dissociate, strong magnetic separation has become an important means of separation and enrichment. The main methods of manganese carbonate ore beneficiation are strong magnetic separation, heavy medium separation and flotation. For sulfur-containing manganese carbonate ore, a sequential priority flotation process is adopted. Hydrothermal lead-zinc manganese carbonate ore often adopts flotation-strong magnetic separation process. For sulfur-containing manganese-rich ore, roasting can be used to remove sulfur.
In the production of rich manganese carbonate ore, roasting is used to remove volatile components and obtain finished ore. For difficult-to-select ores, such as manganese coexisting closely with iron, phosphorus or gangue, crushing, grinding and classification, washing, gravity separation, magnetic separation and other processes are required for processing. Before beneficiation, it is crucial to understand the properties and composition characteristics of the ore in order to customize the best equipment and improve the beneficiation indicators.
In summary, the processing technology of manganese ore is diverse, and the appropriate process needs to be selected according to the specific characteristics of the ore to achieve the dual goals of efficient utilization of manganese ore resources and environmental protection.
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